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Prof. Dr Emil Constantinescu
Former President of Romania (1996-2000)
Born on November 19, 1939 Married to Nadia Ileana
Constantinescu. Two children: Dragos and Norina
EDUCATION
- 1956 - 1960: The Law School of the Bucharest University, Bachelor of
Laws
- 1961 - 1966: Geology-Geography Faculty of the Bucharest University,
Bachelor of Geology
- 1979 - PhD in Geology
PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND
- 1960 - 1961: Judge at the Court in Pitesti. Because of the tough constraints
imposed on the Legal system by the Communist regime, he decides to give
up the Legal career and study Geology.
- 1966 - 1990: Assistant lecturer, lecturer and senior lecturer - at the
Faculty of Geology-Geography of Bucharest University.
- 1990 - and on: Full Professor at the Mineralogy-Crystallography Chair
of the Geology-Geography Faculty, Bucharest University.
- 1990 - 1992: Vice-Rector of the Bucharest University.
- 1991 - 1992: Visiting Professor at the Duke University, North Carolina, U.S.A.
- 1992 - 1996: Rector of the Bucharest University, President of the National
Council of the Romanian Rectors.
- 1994 - 1998: Member of the Steering Committee of the Association of
European Universities. Member of the International Association of University
Presidents.
- 1996 and on: Honorary President of the Senate of the Bucharest University
- 1989 - 1999: As Professor of Geology and Mineralogy, Emil Constantinescu
gives lectures at the universities of: Tubingen (Germany), Oxford (Great
Britain), Berkeley, Georgetown, Indiana-Bloomington (U.S.), Rio de Janeiro
(Brazil), Sydney (Australia) as well as at the Carolina University in Prague
(the Czech Republic), or in Lublin (Poland), Turku (Finland), Cairo
(Egypt). Chairman and key-speaker at the international congresses and conferences
on Natural and Human Sciences held in: France, Great Britain, Austria,
Germany, Japan, China, Korea, Greece.
- Since 2001 - Professor at the Mineralogy-Crystallography Chair
of the Geology-Geography Faculty, Bucharest University
POLITICAL CAREER
- 1990 - Founding member of the University Solidarity and President of this
organization of Professors, researchers and students who fight for the
democratic reconstruction of Romania. Founding member and member of the
Board of Directors of the Civic Alliance, the most influential organization
of the civic society in Romania, that successfully worked for the eradication
of the Communism, for the democratization of the country and for the fostering
of the inter-ethnic cooperation.
- 1991 - In his quality of acting President of the Democratic Anti-Totalitarian
Forum in Romania, Emil Constantinescu did his utmost for the setting up
of the Romanian Democratic Convention (known as CDR), a comprehensive political
organization that brings together Christian-Democrat, Liberal, Social-Democrat
and Environmental parties, as well as many civic organizations, such as
UDMR (the Democratic Union of the Hungarians from Romania).
- 1991-1994 - President of the Civic Academy
- 1992 - Elected President of the CDR (Romanian Democratic Convention), a coalition
of parties and associations. The sole candidate of the CDR to the Presidential
elections. He arrives in the second run-off with Ion Iliescu - the President
in office - and gets 38% of the ballots.
- 1993-1996 - As Head of the democratic opposition,
implements a project for the reorganization of the CDR, based on the needs
of citizens. He draws up a clear and tangible political program, contributes
to the recruitment of specialists, in order to find solutions to the economic,
political, social and administrative issues of Romania.
- 1995, March. - Re-elected President of CDR. The sole candidate of
this Alliance for the Presidential elections.
- 1995 - Guided by Emil Constantinescu, the CDR launches in November the
"Contract with Romania", a political and electoral offer based on well-structured
and achievable objectives. As Head of the Romanian opposition, he meets
Heads of State and governments, Presidents of parties from many countries.
He sets up a system of international political relations to the benefit
of the Center-Right opposition in Romania, whose policy is ever more powerful
and credible.
- 1996 - In February, the Democratic Convention ruled by Emil Constantinescu
wins the local elections in most of the towns of Romania, including the
capital, Bucharest. On 17th of November , Emil Constantinescu is elected,
by direct vote, the President of Romania, for a mandate of four years. On 3rd of November , the CDR
wins the parliamentary elections and becomes the main political organization
in power.
- 1997-1998 - As Head of State, Emil Constantinescu sets up and co-ordinates
the National Council for the Fight Against Corruption and Organized Crime,
puts the basis of and co-ordinates "Romania at the Crossroad" and "The
Children of Romania" programs. The first one is focused on the regional
development of the infrastructure. On the international level, he is committed
to: the integration of Romania into the European Union and NATO structures;
to the strengthening of bi-lateral links with other countries as well as
to the implementation of tri-lateral political and economic agreements
among states.
- 1999 - As President-in-Office, Emil Constantinescu is mainly acting on
three objectives: to improve the dynamics of economic and institutional
reform - by promoting a market economy, democracy and the progress of the
State; to strengthen the partnership between State and the civil society
- by ensuring that the laws and Human Rights are respected; to set up a
new perspective in the international relations - targeted at the integration
of Romania with NATO and the E.U structures. Therefore, in September 1999,
Emil Constantinescu organizes a round table with all the political forces
from Romania. A remarkable consensus was reached by those present, with
regard to the principles of the private property - as trigger to a rapid development of the Romanian economy. In March 1999, during
the Western intervention in Kosovo, Romania becomes a committed ally to
NATO.
- December 2000 - Transfers the power to the newly elected President of
Romania, Ion Iliescu
- Since 2001 - Professor of Geology, University of Bucharest
AWARDS, PRIZES AND MEDALS
- France - Legion of Honor - Great Cross
- Austria - The Order of Merit of the Republic of Austria
- Bulgaria - "Stara Planina" with ribbon
- Finland - The White Rose of Finland - Collar
- Greece - The Savior - Great Cross
- Norway - Saint Olaf - Great Cross
- Peru - The Sun of Peru - Great Cross with Brilliants
- Quatar - The Independence Order - Collar
- Turkey - The State Decoration
- Patriarchy of Constantinople - Saint Andrew Order
- Albania - Skanderberg Order
- The Orthodox Patriarchy in Jerusalem - the Orthodox Order of the Holy
Grave (or "The Knights of the Holy Grave") - Collar
- The "Bethleem 2000" Medal awarded by the National Palestinian Authority
- Portugal - Don Infante Henrique - Collar
- United Kingdom - the High Order “Saint Michael and Saint George” -
Great Cross
- Denmark – The Order of the “Elephant” - Knight
- Doctor Honoris Causa of: Liege University, Free University
in Kishinev (Republic of Moldova), Bilkent University in Ankara, L'Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris, Polytechnic University
in Athens, Beijing University, New Delhi University,
Montréal University, Kishinev University (Republic of Moldova), Maribor University
(Slovenia)
- Medal of the Carolina University in Prague
- Medal of the Academy of Science in France
- Medal of the University of Paris
- Medal of the Amsterdam University
- Medal of the ‘Center for Democracy’, Washington 1998
- Medal of the Szeged University in Hungary
- Citizen of Honor of Athens, Prague, Budapest, San Francisco and Helsinki
- Prize of the Romanian Academy, the highest scientific award in Romania
(1979)
- The ‘Aristide Calvani’ Prize for Peace, Democracy and Human Development
of the Democrat-Christian International, 1997
- ‘The European Statesman of the Year’ Prize of the East-West Institute
in New York, 1998
- Prize awarded by the Association of the American Bar for the promotion
of the rule of law in Romania (1999)
MEMBERSHIPS
- Honorary member and member of the Royal British Geological Institute,
1991 of the German Mineralogists Society,1993, of the Geological Society
of Greece, 1994, of the Geological Society of South America, 1994,
of the Mineralogical Society of America, 1994, of the Société
Japonaise de Minéralogie, 1995, of the Mineralogical Society of
Great Britain, 1996, of the Société Française de Géographie,
1997.
PUBLICATIONS
- 12 books, over 54 scientific geological studies published by Romanian
and foreign journals (U.S.A., Germany, Great Britain, France, Belgium,
Canada, Greece, Japan, China).
- Over 100 articles, speeches and essays on: political, economic, social,
educational, cultural and environmental issues, published by different
magazines and daily newspapers like: Times, Le Monde, Frankfurter Allgemeine
Zeitung.
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